String
Prairie is separated from the Rubicon by a narrow strip
of wooded land, and stretches
thence for miles away to the north and west. The first recorded settlers
in this region, were Isaac Wood, Alfred Wood, David Miller, Wm.
Finley, and Thomas Finley. Their nearest neighbors were then at Kinkaid's
Point. The next year Jeremiah Hand came among them, but for some
time afterward few accessions to their number arrived.
The timber along the
stream was not heavy, and on this account many thought
that the region could never support more than a very
sparse population. In 1829,
however, several new inhabitants arrived, among whom may
be mentioned Jacob Young, Ichabod Valentine, Howard
Finley, and James Cannedy. The last mentioned made his
home northeast of where Greenfield now stands, the
others settled southeast of the Rubicon. On the opposite
side of the stream, near its mouth, during the same
year, James W. Weisner, Wiley Wylder,
Joel Grizzle and Herod Grizzle made improvements.
In 1830, the settlement was still further increased in
number by the arrival of William Askins at the head of
the Rubicon, and between that stream and Taylor's Creek,
William Handling and Elisha Shelton. At the same time
John Cannedy, Stephen Coonrod, Thomas Coonrod, Lewis
Shearman and two Starlins, came on to String Prairie.
Eri, David, and Joel
Eri, David,
and Joel Edwards - David -
associated with family of Betty G Silvey?
|
Edwards settled in the
same neighborhood about the same time. The descendants
of these men still live in this vicinity, and are among
the most substantial citizens of the county.
From this time the
settlement of that portion of the county was very rapid.
Two or three years later Greenfield was laid out by
George W. Allen, Esq., and, surrounded as it was by some
of the finest farming lands in the State, it had a
healthy and rapid growth.
The people at and arouhd
this point hitherto experienced no little inconvenience in not
having any connection with the outside world by means of a stated mail.
Such connection was a desideratum. How to secure it, was a
question of no small moment to these isolated, mailless new settlers. Their
nearest post-office, at this time, was Carrollton, whither they were
obliged to send weekly some one, in order to reach such mail matter as the
post-office there might furnish them. To remedy this inconvenience it
was suggested that a town be laid out and a post- office established here,
if possible ; for, it should be borne in mind, that, at this time, nothing in
the shape of a town had any existence here as the few settlements already
made being those merely of people in the open country.
The suggestion for a
town and post-office, therefore, was no sooner made than acted upon and
carried into practical operation by one of the most enterprising
residents at this point, Geo. Washington Allen, Esq., who, during this year,
1835, laid out a plat of fifty-four lots, to be remodeled in 1836 and
the number of lots increased to 208, when it was formally christened
Greenfield by that early apostle of the Methodist faith here, the Rev.
James B. Carrington, living then, as a local preacher, on a farm northeast of
town, better known now as the Cole place. From this period, then, dates
our separate existence as a town.
The lots thus laid off,
were offered for sale at low figures ; but, like many other paper towns
that had a temporary existence at that day, there were few applicants, and
still fewer purchasers who paid any thing but
pledges, never to be
redeemed. The consequence was, a very slow advance of the future (to
those then living here) city. Yet the great end of securing increased
mail facilities was early realized.
Through the persistent
efforts of Mr. Allen in getting up numerously signed petitions to the
Post Office Department at Washington, though vigorously opposed by
other rival claimants, he succeeded in getting the
first mail route through
this point from Jacksonville to Alton, and a post office located here as
himself being appointed the first incumbent, which he continued to be for
seventeen years as and a Mr. Conley, or, as claimed by
others, a Mr. Twitchell, the first mail carrier.
Thus was our infant town
brought into early and uninterrupted contact with the outlying
world, to be operated upon by such influences, for good or evil, as such
connection is wont to generate to an advantage, however,
far more highly appreciated, by our early friends than
by us who are almost surfeited with both mail, railroad
and telegraphic communication.
Not long after the above
route was established, another was laid out, thereby furnishing a
cross mail from Carrollton to Carlinville as “ Uncle David Miller" doing the
honors of the first mail carrier.
The Winter of 1835-6,
brought to our little hamlet some three or four, who have figured
somewhat conspicuously in its subsequent history; for
which reason, therefore, a brief notice of these, in
this connection, may not be inappropriate.
Benjamin King, Esq.,
then a young man, stands first on the list of those arriving here in
the Fall of 1835, from " Old Kentuck." Fortunately for Esq. Allen, he
came just in season to fill a vacancy in his store
as clerk. Though not
possessing a large share of what the Latin boys term suaviter in modo,
he came well furnished with that sterling integrity
which never fails to inspire confidence, and commands
the respect of all customers. It is no marvel, then,
that Mr. Allen retained him in his employ till summoned
to go the way of all mankind as a term of two years,
when Mr. and Mrs, King retired to the farm they now
occupy as he, to discharge the manifold duties, in
church and state, which a confiding public imposed upon
him ; and she, to meet the responsibilities appropriate
to her sex, with no disposition to press '' woman's
rights " beyond that circle.
Up to this period,
though other points had enough and to spare, Greenfield and vicinity
had no resident physician in their own right, and were under the
necessity, therefore, when one was needed, of sending to
Carrollton as Dr.
Throcmorton, resident there, being their nearest. It was
therefore, a matter of
no little interest when, at this time, the late Dr. Martin A. Cooper, then a
young unmarried man, arrived here from Tennessee and proposed to
make this his future home, provided there should be sufficient
encouragement given him to do so. This he promptly received ; and amongst
other encouragements furnished, the people here generally took hold and
aided him in erecting a small cabin, 12x14, on the site now occupied by
Mr. E. Boulton's residence, to be succeeded by a more commodious
structure two years after, now known as the “Pursley
house," occupied at present by Mr. Joseph Dalby. The cabin completed, the
doctor returns to Tennessee, but soon makes his appearance
here with a bird for his cage. Installed now in his new home, with some one
to preside over and superintend his domestic affairs, the doctor
himself "swings around no mean circle," embracing as it did, Rockbridge,
Witt's Mill, Hickory Grove, Athensville, Scottville, Barr's Store,
Fayette and Rivesville. With such a territory to look after, the doctor seems
to have been fully equal to the situation ; as for many years no competitor
thought it worth while to disturb him in the quiet occupancy of his
little principality ; and when at length Drs. Metcalf, Mayfield and Rice,
each made an attempt in this direction, it was only to retire from the
field successively and leave him an undisturbed occupant of it. Nor was
it till the arrival of Drs. Ledbrook and Finch in 1850 and 1852, that he
divided, permanently, the medical practice with any one.
With such opportunities
most of his profession would have amassed a princely fortune ; but
though regarded as well read in his profession, he was equally thought a
miserable financier — doing a large amount of practice
gratuitously, not to be charged, and a still larger
amount to be charged and never
collected. Kind in his disposition and sympathizing in feelings, he made
many friends and but a single formidable enemy through his long career.
Another notable
personage, who, during a sojourn here of seventeen years failed not to
leave his impress upon persons and. things, was Richard
Marshall Booker, the A. T. Stewart of our little New
York. Arriving here indirectly from Kentucky, with his
family in the Fall of 1805 (should be 1835?),
like most who can find nothing else to do, he played the
pedagogue for three months, in the first house ever
built here for that purpose, situated upon the rising
ground between Valentine Caswell's and the Rives' place.
This, however, satisfied
all his aspirations in that direction. Indeed, like most who instruct, he
seems to have designed it as a stepping stone to something that would
pay; for he belonged to that family the first article
in whose creed is that
any thing worthy of their attention must pay. Accordingly, in the Spring
of the following year, having only the proceeds of his Winter's work in
the school room in ready cash, he borrowed $300
from a near relative ;
and this, supplemented by the endorsement of his early friend, George W.
Allen, to the amount of $1000, abundantly sufficed to install him in
a new store, built for that purpose by the late Robt.
H. Maxfield on the site
of the Star Clothing House of our time, filled with all
that was needed to meet the moderate demands of the
surrounding communities of that day. Prosperous in
business, he soon became a formidable rival of his
endorsing friend, and maintained a fierce and successful
war in trade, not only with him but with all who dared
to come in competition with him in his line of business.
Aiming to become the
millionaire of this meridian, he left no means untried to accomplish
his purpose ; and so successful was he in this, that, after prosecuting his
business for some seventeen years with that iron in-
domitable energy which
knows no failure, after a brief illness of one week, he
passed from our midst on the 24th of February, 1853,
leaving his family the snug little fortune of $60,000,
to be mostly spent however in less than half the time he
was acquiring it thus furnishing an instructive lesson
of what a well-directed energy, when coupled with an
intelligent economy, will accomplish; and an equal
instructive one, of the supreme folly of him, who
pursues wealth as the great purpose of his life.
Not so scrupulous as
many in his business transactions, his energy, enterprise and public
spirit did much toward directing the trade of this portion of the county to
this point, and also of furnishing it with educa-
tional facilities not
enjoyed by our neighboring towns. Though somewhat unique
in his mental structure, he had many of those properties
which enter into the composition of a good and useful
citizen.
The late Fielding L.
Stubblefield, who first located on what is now known as the Than Hall
farm, where he remained for a few years, secured,
through Mr. Allen, the farm where his widow now resides
and took possession of it in 1835, or, according to
other authorities, in 1838, where he continued to reside
till his decease in 1875.
Iseph Atterberry in '37
or '38, built a small cabin where the Greenfield Hotel, alias
Bart's Hotel, now is ; and, after a year or so, transferred it to Geo. W.
Allen, through whom William Brown obtained it, only to occupy it for a
short term, when he, in turn, sold out to the late William A. Secor, who,
moving back the cabin for an ell, put up a larger structure in front, in
wliich he continued to live for many years, when, in '57-8, he employed
Messrs. Drake & Stock, at an expense of 13,000, to
transform it into the central structure of the present
hotel. This was further improved in '75,
and transferred by the Secor heirs to B. B. Bartholomew. By the
addition of a large ell and various other improvements, it has been rendered
abundantly adequate to meet all our present necessities in this
direction, and thus supplied a desideratum long felt in
our community.
June of 1838 has been
rendered memorable for the most terrible and destructive hail storm
ever witnessed in the entire history of this region, both for the violence
with which it came and tlie size of the stones pre-
cipitated. As
indubitable proof of this, it is related that the most
substantial barn
hereabouts, on what is known as the French farm, then owned by Michael
Buchanan Esq., had its roof entirely broken in, cattle were greatly injured,
swine, sheep and hens without number were killed, and many other
injuries done by the sudden descent of these aerial missiles ; six of
which weighed the next day seven pounds two ounces; while others
were found by N. Dickerman and D. Edwards to be seventeen and
eighteen inches in circumference the whole closing up by rendering all the
windows in our then little 'burg, in the direction in which the storm came,
entirely lightless. It is now generally conceded that no storm of any
form has ever made its appearance here, which for the time being, was
so terrific and appalling as the Great Hail Storm of 1838.
In
February following this avalanche from the heavens,
Joseph Hartsook, our first
carpenter and cabinet-maker, originally from Virginia, makes his appearance
here, with his family, and occupies for a season, a small residence on the
northwest corner of the public square. To him are we indebted as the
architect of many of the first structures in our slowly rising town,
though aided in this work by Capt. George Berthlet, who operated with him
successively as apprentice and journeyman. To furnish himself with
lumber he constructs the first whip-saw machine ever run in this place,
locating it on the site of Phillip Bauer's shoe shop, which did good service
in this direction for a considerable time. About the first dwelling Mr.
H. erected was one for Dr. M. A. Cooper, the next year after his arrival
here, 1840, now known as the " Pursley house."
Having thus started off
the town in the way of improvement, he yields the sceptre of
his profession to Messrs. Woolley, Speaks and Heaton, who were his
immediate successors in this vocation, and, for the future, devotes his
energies, practically at least, to law and politics, in
both of which he seems
to have attained a considerable celebrity. Though having
many of the peculiarities common to his race, he
possesses many of the virtues wliich characterize the
good neighbor and useful citizen.
The next year, 1841, is
noted in our annals as the one which furnished our town its
first house of public worship. Hitherto our early friends had experienced
no little inconvenience in this particular, having no
fixed place in which to conduct this service, but
alternating between the private residences of George H.
Cowden, George W. Allen and Joel Edwards, and
the first log school house in the north part of town. During this year,
however, this was remedied by the erection of what is now known as "
The Old Methodist Church," upon a lot of ground donated for this
purpose by George W. Allen, where it still stands as " God's first
temple" here a monument of the interest of our early fathers in this
holy service. Limited in means at that early day, and having few of the
facilities for such a purpose which we now have, all contributed, " as
God had prospered them," of what each had some giving lumber, some
brick, some hardware, a few money, but more the labor of their hands.
Thus, under the supervision of Ichabod Valentine, as master workman,
the paternal grandfather of Mrs. Guthrie Secor, this modest structure
went speedily up, and was opened for divine service
during the winter of this year, when the venerable Dr.
B. C. Wood, of Carrollton, preached the
first sermon in it as a funeral discourse of Samuel
Capps, who died upon his farm near Palmyra at that time,
and was brought for interment to the burial ground at
Rubicon.
Furnished with a church
building, our Methodist friends concentrated their scattered
forces at this point, when the " Society " here had a membership rising of
fifty. Here they domiciled till this, their early home, no longer met
their increased necessities, when, in 1856, it gave place to their present
brick edifice, to be noticed more at large in its proper connection.
In 1842,
Capt. Josiah Caswell, originally a Green Mountaineer, located
on the farm now occupied by Thomas Ford, north of James
Allen's a farm first
entered by Mr. Charles Stout, the father of Mrs. Ephraim Barnett, in
1835, who transferred it to the Rev. Henry Stubble- field, from whom Capt.
C. obtained it, to be transferred in turn after an interval of about eight
years, to the Rev. William Nelson, in 1850. Leaving this, he resided
some five or six years on a place southeast of town, where, having improved
the Sulphur Spring property, he remained there till his decease on
September 24, 1872, in the eighty-first year of his age,
leaving behind him the
priceless record of a good citizen, a devoted patriot and an humble
Christian.
The next accession to
our population was in 1844, when Norman C. Woolley, James Hall and
Isaac R. Ostrom arrived here, the last locating upon land half a mile
west of town, known as the John Pickett place, and owned at present by
James Allen. But not confining his attention to farming exclusively,
he soon erected the first circular saw-mill ever run here, where the
garden of the Rives' place now is a
valuable accession to the machinery then in operation at
this point, furnishing as it did, a sufficiency of all
the lumber that could be manufactured here, to meet the existing
necessities in this direction.
Superadded to this,
Messrs. Joseph Hartsook and Edwin Johnson put in operation during
this same year, 1845, a turning lathe, and the first one too a machine for
the manufacture of bedsteads, etc., etc. Under the operation of these
increased facilities for manufacture, our rather sluggish village wore
the appearance of greater vitality. But the latter firm did not run their
machine long; for, within this same year they transferred their
interest in it to Messrs. William Speaks
and N. C. Woolley, who, as remarked above,
succeeded Mr. Hartsook as carpenters and cabinet-makers,
and who turned it to great practical utility in the
prosecution of their business in these directions. As
evidence of this, it may here be stated, that, besides
doing a great variety of other work, the new firm built, or aided in building, most of the
structures that went up here from 1846 to 1852 notably
among which were Sheffield's first residence, the early
palace of the town, Booker's house, F. J. Stock's,
Wilhite's frame store, as also Edwin Woolley's old home,
the Temperance Hall, the Methodist second parsonage, now
occupied by Mr. Eckman, Mr. Wahl's residence, the old Seminary, S. P. Cameron's and D.
S. Wilson's residences, the Union Church alias the Town
Hall, and Professor Wilder's dwelling
most of these being erected in the interval above
referred to. After continuing a few years, this firm
dissolved, each going in the direction of his
inclination and interests. As we have seen above, each
had in 1848, provided himself a house : Speaks, the D.
S. Wilson house, and Woolley, the
one where Mr. Fisher now lives. As yet, Mr. W. had remained in the
condition of " single blessedness ; " but Sarah had been vibrating
between "Father Speaks'," on Apple Creek, and her brother William's here
for some three or four years ; and he is not the man to allow so
favorable an opportunity to pass unimproved ; more especially as always "
having an eye to the main chance," he observed in her a fixed
determination to see where " the shortening " was to
come from. So in January of
this year, we find the happy pair snugly in stalled in their own
cabin of two rooms ; one 14x14, and only three sides to it, with a puncheon
floor ; the other 16x16, serving the varied purposes of sitting-room,
dining-room, sleeping-room and parlor as all to be
improved and enlarged, however, as circumstances should
permit, until,
in about 1850, it
assumed the convenient and commodious form it now
presents. The turning lathe of the firm falling into his
possession, he transferred it from near
Ostrom's corner, to what has long been known as
"The Curiosity Shop and
Headquarters " establishment, south of his dwelling a structure he
there erected for its reception, for a cabinet and carpenter's shop, a
furniture store, a hardware house, and for every other imaginable business.
Here, too, could be found every namable article of human industry. Indeed,
after all creation itself had been ransacked in vain for any given
article, it has long since passed into a maxim : " You
will find it at
Norman's."
Here he plied his varied
vocations through many a long and wearisome year, with that
tireless industry and such marked success as, in 1872, became tangible in
the shape of that commodious and well constructed brick on the
south side of the Public Square, where he now conducts his hardware
trade, well filled with every thing usually found in that department of
business ; and in 1872, in the form of our second palatial residence on
College Street, where his family now dwells, having improved and made
very passable for this purpose about the most ineligible lot within the
limits of the corporation, for which, it is thought, he is richly entitled to
a vote of thanks by the Common Council of the city.
Here we leave our
neighbor with the single remark, that his career forcibly illustrates
what well-directed industry will achieve, and more especially when
practiced by one of the most inveterate Yankees.
Robert McKnight was,
confessedly, the first here who " worked in coals and fashioned with
hammers," followed by Messrs. Renshaw, Wilkinson and others ; yet Mr.
Henry Cress seems to have been the first to deal
effective blows in the
service of His Vulcanic Majesty, and to have been most successful in this
department of honorable and useful industry. Arriving here in August, 1846, he
plies his vocation in connection with G. H. Kinkaid, who had come the
preceding January in a shop upon the site of Scott Jones' paint shop,
on the northwest corner of the South Public Square, till January,
1847, when they removed to their new shop, erected
during this interval,
now owned and carried on by our fellow citizen J. B. Broadmarkle to be
succeeded, at the old stand, by Messrs. Holliday and G. W. Drake. Continuing
in company some two years, Mr. Kinkaid,
thought he saw more
money and less dirt behind the counter, retired to the dry goods business,
between which and the anvil he alternated for many years, realizing,
however, only the latter portion of his dream.
(page 382,
History of Greene County)
As compensating for this
disappointment, however, he had married Miss Martha Pursley and had
settled down in a dwelling built by himself and now owned and occupied
by Mr. Smith, southwest of the Methodist
Church, where he
continued to enjoy the sweets of domestic bliss for a
considerable time.
Mr. Cress, on the
contrary, with more penetration, it is thought, and with that practical
sagacity for which he is still justly distinguished, perceiving the dollars to
be near the anvil, continued the business at the old
stand, taking in as
partner Ephriam Barnett, who had served out his apprenticeship under the
old firm. For ten long years they continued to do a successful
business, in their own chosen calling, when the company
was dissolved by the
death of Mr. Barnett. Continuing the business till the condition of his
eyes necessitated a change, Mr. C. exchanged the labors of the shop for
those of the husbandman ; in which he, bringing the same perseverance to
bear, seems to have been equally successful, though laboring under
some disadvantages not necessarily connected with the vocation of farmer.
On retiring from the
shop, Mr. Cress left the premises in the hands of John B. Broadmarkle,
who has shown by its successful management for many years, the
evident impress of his master, and who has also coupled with it a good
assortment of general hardware goods whereby he can now accommodate
the community in whatever they need in both these departments of
useful industry.
Michael Buchanan, Esq.,
was cotemporaneous with Mr. Cress here, having made his first
appearance here in 1846, residing for a year or two in our "first hotel." This
property, which was located on the site of the present Masonic Hall, he
bought for $400,
and sold to the Rev. William Saxton. Here our
clerical friend did the honors of landlord for some
years, keeping a generous
table, with a good supply of old fashioned Methodist good cheer for all
guests who patronized " The Saxton House." But finding, at length,
that hotel life was neither so profitable nor pleasant as had been
supposed, he retired to a farm some two miles east of town, leaving his town
residence vacant, or occupied, with interruption, for some time, when, at
length, it was burned to ashes, leaving the entire corner it occupied bare
for the erection of the brick block built thereupon in the years
1867-68, known as the Odd Fellows and Masonic Hall, with commodious
business rooms in the basement story.
Having disposed of his
town property as above. Esquire B. returned to his farm, where he
remained a year or two, when he sold it out to Mr. John French, and
returned to town in 1851, during which year, he built for himself what is now
known as the second Methodist parsonage, and occupied at present by
the Rev. J. W. Eckman. Having lived here for a few years he exchanged
it for the " old parsonage," receiving the differ-
ence, with which he
built the residence now owned and occupied by Benjamin Drake, on the
north border of town. Here he continued to reside till he passed
from our midst, a worthy citizen, an honest man, and, better than all, an
humble Christain.
Passing over the years
1847-48, as furnishing nothing of special interest, we are brought to
1849, when Thomas Ford settled in the open prairie northwest of
town, where he now resides. Limited in means and
force, at first, his
advance was not rapid ; but, as these both increased, he
has now for a quarter of
a century been showing our community what a genuine English farmer
can accomplish, even under untoward circum-
stances, viz: buy and
pay for a good-sized farm every year, and have pocket change enough
left for spending money at Cliristmas.
In 1850, David Liles,
Esq., made his advent here ; and, beside discharging the duties of
magistrate, he has followed a goodly variety of vocations in the general
and local, and general politics in particular, dispensing the gospel of
Democracy at his headquarters to all the faithful without charge.
The Rev. Dimlap arrived
here in 1849 or 1850, and purchased what is now known as the "
Hardin land," including the lot on which Bauer's shoe-shop stands, most
of which lies east and northeast of town. This,
however, was soon sold
to M. Buchanan, Avho, in turn, transferred it to the Hardin family soon
after for a merely nominal sum, it being considered then of little
value. But, as illustrating the rise of such unsightly
land in our midst since
that time, it may here be stated that this same tract has recently
changed hands, at figures varying from $100 to $200 per acre. It mav also be
noted here that, in 1851, Messrs. Speaks & Hall
bought 84 acres
immediately east of town for $2.50 per acre, which now is selling for upwards
of $100.
The house now owned and
occupied by Ed. Boulton, was built at this time by H. Cress,
as a residence for himself.
During the same year
Lemuel Stubl)lefield purchased of Geo. H. Cowder the farm at
present owned by Milton and Harvey, sen., and located thereupon at
once.
In this and the
following year, 1852, the first Institute of Instruction, better known as
"The Old Seminary," was erected upon the site it now occupies, through
the energy and public spirit of the friends of education in our midst,
prominent among whom were Richard M. Booker, N. C. Wooley, Geo. W.
Allen, Wm. A. Secor, Geo. T. W. Sheffield, and others. This was built
by voluntary subscription throughout the community at a cost of near
$2,500, though the contract witli Messrs. Speaks & Kinkaid was only $2,200,
the contractors losing by the operation. This institute was opened for
students in the Fall of 1852, by the writer of this sketch, and
continued under his supervision till the introduction of
the public school system
of Illinois,
a term of five years, as a private institution, when it was
taken possession of by the district school directors, and run in their
interest till it was substantially run down. A very
questionable use, it is
thought, of an institution built by private funds, and destined to have no
connection with the public school system of the State.
Contemporaneously with
the erection of the institute of instruction, was the building of what
has, till recently, been known as " The Union Church," but now called
" The Town Hall." This was built by the community at large, and
deeded jointly to a small Baptist church organized about two years
before, and a Cumberland Presbyterian church, which came into being
soon after the completion of this church edifice. Occupying it as
circumstances seemed to favor, both for the worship of God and a great variety
of other purposes for which it was never designed, for near twenty
years, the house became very much dilapidated ; these organizations
ceased to be, as living churches, and the building passed through their
hands to those of a stock company for the meagre sum of $500 having cost
about $2000.
Mr. Lawrie, the contractor, losing heavily in his
contract of construction for $1,200 its whole history furnishing an
instructive illustration of the folly of building
company
churches, and the
greater folly of making them a gratuity to any church organization.
During the year 1853-54,
it became increasingly evident that the first church built here
in 1841 (Methodist), would no longer meet the necessities of those for
whom it was erected, being neither sufficiently convenient nor
commodious to meet the altered condition of the community here. Accordingly
early in 1855, a plan was put on foot to build one which would
both, better represent the advanced condition of our community in this
direction, and, at the same time, meet the existing and prospective wants of
those immediately interested. A structure costing $3,000 was
supposed sufficient
to "fill the bill '' for this purpose. This amount was
readily raised by subscription through the entire
community,
with all classes contributing to aid in the good work.
But the work was far from being
completed when a small error of $3,000 was discovered in what the
structure would actually cost before completion ! ! ! This necessitated
another subscription, which, however, was far from being as successful as
the first thus leaving a heavy balance for the trustees to shoulder, a
load they continued to carry till they finally threw off, themselves,
the self-imposed burden. But though thus relieved from debt, and
costing double the first estimate, it has failed to answer the expectations
it had raised, for it has always seemed to be afflicted with some
chronic ailment, which has only yielded to treatment by expending $3,000
more, to bring it to the sound, and, it is hoped, healthy condition which
it gives every external indication at present of having at last reached.
Our friends worshiping there, are to be congratulated, therefore,
after such long and unpleasant experiences, that they now have it " all
right."
Greenfield had hitherto
experienced the manifold evils of isolation, the potent cause of its
tardy growth and want of general prosperity. Whilst compelled to
witness the inspiring influence of the railroad upon the advance and rapid
increase of neighboring towns, she was equally forced to see herself
languish from want of connection with the outside world by means of this
arterial communication with the centers of activity ; and such she
saw was destined to be her condition until such connection should be
established.
It may well, therefore,
be conceived with what interest a proposition for the construction of
a railroad from St. Louis, through this place to Rock Island, would be
received by the community generally. This interest soon took shape
in such action as rolled up a subscription of $100,000 in this part of
the county in a very short period. Witii such a subscription, the road
was speedily put under contract in many of its parts. The ground was
first broken in 1857. At first it made comparatively slow advance ;
but during this and the following year, a goodly portion of it was graded
and ready for the ties. Here, however, it was arrested. Owing to
the great stringency in financial affairs through the country generally,
and especially this being coupled, soon after, with
the advent of the great
Rebellion in 1861, it remained in undisturbed slumber till the year
1869, when it woke from its long repose greatly invigorated. From this
period it went forward with great rapidity to an early completion. To
this point it was so far finished that, in February of the following year,
the first train greeted our hearing with its hoarse, but, to us, delightful
music. We hailed its approach somewhat as we should an express coach
from another planet. We were married to the outlying world by an
indissoluble tie. By this we were placed upon the platform of progress
enjoyed by others but denied to us.
From tliis period,
therefore, dates the advance of our modest little home, until, under the
inspiring influence of this mighty engine of power and progress, it
presents the fair proportions, inviting comeliness, and
healthful vigor we
behold at this hour, giving cheerful promise that, in the maturity of its
manhood, it is destined to become one of the most eligible suburbs of her
who sits as Queen upon "The Father of Waters."
Our road has since been
purchased by the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Co., who " run " it
in connection with theirs, thus furnishing us with a direct
route to the Mistress of the Lakes, a desideratum long
felt here.
In 1859
the first Presbyterian Church was organized here by the
Rev. George C. Wood, of
Jacksonville, who, for a brief period, was its stated supply, Hiram B. Ellis,
Esq. and R. E. Wilder being its first ruling elders; the former
continuing such till his death, the latter holding the same position to the
present time.
During the rebellion
little transpired here requiring a notice in this brief sketch, except
what was immediately connected with it, and will be noticed under the head
of Patriotism in its proper place.
Passing
on, therefore, to the year 1868, we record the erection
of what is now known as the
Greenfield Academy, now in its 36th session, a strictly private
institution, moderately patronized till quite recently.
Our
first banking house was established here Dec. 16, 1870
by Skilling, Sheffield
& Co., being operated under the Odd Fellows' Hall
till the construction of
its present brick quarters, on the northeast
corner of the public
square. Within the last two years, the firm first
conducting it has been
changed, since which period it has been engineered
and owned by Sheffield
& Co. It is regarded as doing a fair, safe, and
reliable business, with
accommodating officers, and meeting all the business requirements of our
community.
From the organization of
the Presbyterian Church, in 1859, it had
no place of worship of
its own, and was obliged to make use of other
buildings as
circumstances should allow, especially the Academy,
where it continued to worship
for some two or three years. But in 1872, being
generously aided by the
community at large, it erected a very commodious
and convenient brick
edifice in the center of town, having a basement
room above ground, for
all the purposes of social worship. Sabbath
schools, etc., and a
very pleasant audience room in the second story for
Sabbath service, both of
which are now finished off in modern style, and
furnish facilities for
all church purposes, not inferior to those enjoyed by
any communion in this,
or any of the surrounding towns.
Religious Denominations.
The Methodist.
We shall speak first of
the Methodists, as those who were the early
pioneers of the Church
at this point, a remark that will apply to them with peculiar force in
respect to most of the first settlements of our entire country, thus
manifesting to advantage their aggressive tendency,
their self-denial, and
their conformity to the Great Commission of their Master.
The first forms of
worship here were those of this Communion.
Conspicuous among these
were Geo. W. Allen, Geo. A. Cowden, and
Joel Edwards, at whose
residences public worship on the Sabbath was
conducted by the early
Apostles of this faith, both local and those appointed by Conference.
Some four years before
regular circuit preaching was enjoyed here,
or even local, in 1828,
the Illinois District and Apple Creek Circuit embraced this point, with
Peter Cartwright as presiding elder, and Isaac
Scarrett and I. T.
Johnson as " circuit riders." The next year L. Bogart
and I. French were on
the circuit ; but the next year, 1830, the district
being changed to
Sangamon, James Bankston appears to have been the
first regular preacher
here, though others, both circuit and local, paid
occasional visits to
this point for some time before this. In 1831 Wm.
D. Trotter and Wm.
Haskins rode this circuit; but in 1832 John Vancleve and Levi Springer
succeeded them. During these four years Peter
Cartwright continued
presiding elder ; but the district and circuit being
changed to Carrollton,
Simon Peter succeeded him in this capacity in
1833, with JohnVancleve
and William Petney as circuit riders. In 1834
A. E. Phelps and C. B.
N. McCabe, were placed on the circuit ; and in
1835, Jessie Hale alone.
In 1836, the district being again changed to
Lebanon, M. S. Taylor
succeeded Simon Peter as presiding elder, with D.
Cory and N. Allen on the
circuit. Chas. Holliday in 1837 followed Elder
Taylor as presiding
elder. Elijah Corrington being on the circuit this
year, with A. Bird with
him a portion of the year. The district being
changed to Alton and the
circuit to Apple Creek in 1838, Wm. Chambers rode the circuit
this year; but the circuit being changed back to
Carrollton next year,
1839, J. B. Corrington was again placed on the
circuit. In 1810 (?
1840), the Alton gave place to the Illinois District,
when Peter Cartwright became again
elder, with Wm. Wilson on the circuit during
this and the following
year.
Hitherto they had
continued to worship, not like the Jews, in
tabernacles, but
wherever temporary accommodations were furnished
them ; but about this
time, they built "an house of God," as before intimated. They now took a
more distinctive form, introducing that peculiar
system of church
machinery which had been employed elsewhere with
such successful results,
and which constitutes the grand secret of their
whole past history.
Being almost the
exclusive occupants of the territory, here and for
a large circuit around
this point, they propagated, without let or hindrance,
that form of religious
faith known amongst theologians as Arminian.
Hence its prevalence at
this day. They organized and built churches at
various points in a
circle embracing a large extent of country around us,
upon which conference
was wont to place one or two of the traveling
brotherhood who should
dispense the Word of Life as often as their
limited opportunities
should allow. Thus has it continued, with slight
modifications, to the
present time ; and, though other forms of religious
doctrine have since
intervened, which always attends the advance and march of higher grades
of civilization and intelligence, this denomination
is still largely in the
ascendant, with encouraging prospects of a bright
future.
As connected with the
foregoing, it may not he out of place here to
state that, along with
the regular '' circuit riders," we have always been
favored with what is
known among Methodists as " local preachers."
Among the earlier of
these were the Revs. J. B. Corrington, Wm. H.
Askins, Amos Prentice,
Henry Davidson, and others ; among the latter,
Revs. Dr. Ledbrook, Wm.
Saxton, Wm. Ratty, and the Rev. James Rives.
As this latter was a
permanent resident here for many years, and filled a
somewhat conspicuous
place both in his church relations and in community,
a brief notice of him,
in this connection, may not be inappropriate.
A native of North
Carolina, he removed from that State to Southern
Kentucky in 1820, coming
the whole distance in a one-horse cart with his
wife and one child, our
present Judge Rives. Here he labored on the
plantations of Bros.
Taylor, who were wealthy planters, for some seven
years, during which
time, by economy and persevering industry, he made
enough, though paying
more quarterage than either of his opulent
employers with their
fifty servants each, to purchase one hundred and sixty
acres of land at
Rivesville, to which he removed with his family in 1834.
Not confining himself
exclusively to the cultivation of his farm, he very
soon embarked into
merchandising, a calling to which he was an entire
stranger. But, with an
aptitude peculiar to himself, he readily accommodated himself to his new
vocation, as shown in the fact that, although at
first he had to obtain
credit of the Pegrams of Carrollton, he very soon
had means and credit to
purchase all he needed for his locality, at other
points. Continuing upon
his farm and in the merchandise business till
the Spring of 1851, when
he lost his wife, he sold out to his eldest son,
and in the Autumn of
that year, moved to town, purchasing the residence
now owned by Uncle Jesse
Keeley. Here he resumed his former mercantile business,
forming partnerships successively with Wm. Tunnell,
Abraham Miller, and
James B. Carter.
But he lost no time in
relieving the tedium of single life by marrying
in 1852, Mrs. Julia
Boyd, of Adams County, Il., a lady who came as
near meeting the
description of a virtuous woman, given by Solomon in
xxxi. of Proverbs, as
the best of her sisters.
He did not, however,
confine himself exclusively to mercantile pursuits ; for soon after
coming to town, he purchased of Thomas Lofton (Lorton?)
the farm immediately north
of town, comprising ninety acres, a farm originally
entered by Rev. Wesley
Meldrum, giving fifteen dollars per acre, on which
he erected, in the Fall
and Winter of 1852, the residence he continued to
occupy till his death.
Some years before this, however, he had retired
from all connection with
mercantile pursuits, devoting his whole energies
to farming on a large
scale, believing this a far more lucrative vocation
than selling tapes and
ribbons. In this belief he was not mistaken;
for, prosecuting it with
an indomitable energy, he became the
brawn of our county,
adding farm after farm, till, at last they numbered
some half dozen. All
these he superintended in person, at the same time
meeting his appointments
almost every Sabbath, as had been his wont for
years, while discharging
multiplied other duties growing out of his various
relations in life. But
this was too much, even for his robust constitution.
The tension of both mind
and body was more than they could endure,
and, suddenly, one
Sabbath morning, July 8, 1866, the silver cord of life
was loosed and the
golden bowl broken, and James Rives passed from our
midst, leaving an
example worthy of imitation of a man of tireless
energy in all the
activities of life, at the same time that he kept
steadily in view the great
interests that lie beyond. His widow survived him till
March, 1875, when she
too, of whom the world was not worthy, "was
not, for God took her."
The Baptists.
This denomination appears next in the order of time. As
a communion, they do not
seem to have figured largely under this meridian
nor in our immediate
neighborhood. The late Rev. Stephen Coonrod who
died in Dec, 1872, at
his home north of town, appears among the first clergymen of this
denomination, though there were others at points
somewhat distant from this. Among
these were Rev. Charles Kitchens, Rev. Thos.
Lee and Rev. M. Browning
who ministered, for a longer or shorter period,
to the Hickory Grove
Church, as also have Revs. H. H. Witt and S. B.
Culp. Upon moving from
this place to his farm in 1829, Mr. Coonrod
became pastor of the
little Baptist Church here, and continued to sustain
that relation till his
death a long pastorate of 48 years. During half of
this time, he had also,
at the same time, charge of a church on Taylor's
Prairie, and one near
Athensville. At these and other points, he ministered through his entire
ministerial life at the same time carrying on
his farm for the
maintainance of a numerous family. At first, for some
four or five years, like
the Methodists, he held public service in private
dwellings, his own,
Thomas Finley's and others; but, as has been
stated before, a small
log church, erected in 1834 on the southwest corner
of the present graveyard
north of town, served as a place of public worship for about thirty
years, when it gave place to a more imposing structure, built in the north
part of town in 1855.
For many years Mr. C.
belonged to what is known as the Regular
Baptists and Apple Creek
Association ; but his theology being tinctured
too highly with
Calvinism, for many of his brethren, a separation took
place, the
seceders being termed Wittites, but retaining the old
family name ; while he and his
followers were known as United Baptists, who
formed a new Association
called Concord. These are understood to
represent the
Hyper-Calvinistic School while the former are regarded
as representing a more
liberal phase of theology.
Another family of this
denomination came into existence here in
about the year 1850,
known as " The Missionary Baptists." For
their benefit the
community had built and deeded to them in 1852 one
half of what has been
known as the Union Church when Rev. H. T.
Chilton became their
first pastor, succeeded by others at different intervals. But, after
maintaining a sickly existence for some twenty years, it
" went the way of all
the earth," selling out its claim to the building for
the trifle of $250.
This denomination in
none of its branches, though long in existence
here, it seems to have
attained much of the strength and prestige it
has at other points ;
the philosophy of which is left to others to explain.
The Cumberland Presbyterian Church.
A few of this branch of the
church were organized
here in, or about the year 1852. To them, as
before stated, was
deeded one half of what has been known since, as
" The Union
Church." Here they commenced their first
operations, with the Rev. Wm. Bell as
their stated preacher, and Wm. A. Secor and Maj.
Geo. Shackelford, as
their first elders the former acting in that capacity
till his decease in 1863
as a faithful church official, a worthy citizen and
of unquestioned piety ;
as the latter, only till his removal to Girard, where
he died some years
after.
The church, however,
continued its operations for many years, having different
individuals to conduct their service. Among these may
be mentioned the Revs.
Daniel Bell, Lorance, Viney, etc.; but, keeping
up public service only
portion of the time, it did not seem to prosper as
to make much progress ;
and from this and a variety of other causes, like
its Baptist comrade,
after a straggling existence of some twenty years, it
virtually ceased to be.
The Presbyterian Church.
Little, in addition to what has already
been said in regard to
this communion, need be stated in this place. Suffice it to say, that it
had no corporate existence here, till the year 1859,
when its first
organization took place. Since this period, its progress
has been moderate, there
having been few located here of that denominational family, and those
few not having had the facilities requisite, till
quite recently, to
enable them to prosecute the appropriate work of a
church organization.
Now, however, with a new and commodious house
of worship centrally
situated, with a wide field for cultivation here, and
with a favoring
Providence to second their judicious efforts, it may be
reasonable to suppose
that they may yet attain to such prosperity as to be
a power for good in
their chosen field of labor. Hitherto they have had,
as their clerical force,
only what are termed stated supplies, the venerable Rev. Joseph I.
Gray, now of this place, being the only permanently
settled Presbyterian
clergymen in this entire section of country. When
working, devoted and
efficient pastorates are enjoyed, better results may
be reasonably
anticipated.
Other Denominations.
This community, like most others, have
always had some
belonging to other divisions of the Christian household,
than those spoken of
above ; and such continues to be the case : Southern Methodists,
Episcopalians, Unitarians, Universalists, Reformers,
Catholics etc., etc.;
but, few in number, and lacking in that interest so
essential to success in
this, as in all other enterprises, they have never
attained to any tangible
existence here, but have lost, to a great extent,
their individuality
among those who have ; or have relapsed into that
larger class generally
spoken of as " The World."
Temperance.
In the earlier history
of our community, there seems to have been no
organized effort to
resist the incroachments of the monster Intemperance.
Our first settlers,
however, do not appear to have been much annoyed
by his presence in their
midst. Frequently, as in most early settlements, an Irish wake or
spree was indulged in occasionally, by those
few whose appetites ran
in that direction, only to be rebuked, however,
by the greater number
who were always found in the ranks of the temperance army.
With the advance of time
and the increase of numbers, however, it
became necessary to
adopt some systematic plan to hold in check the insidious approaches of
this prolific parent of all evils, Intemperance.
Accordingly, as early as
the year 1848, July 5th, a Division (109) of
the Sons of Temperance
was organized here, with twenty-six charter
members. Two years after
in 1850, such was its prosperity, that it was
enabled to erect what
has long been known as " The Temperance Hall "
on the northwest corner
of the public square, a two story structure, at a
cost of nearly $1,000. It
prosecuted after this, its appropriate work for
some five years, having
numbered on its roll during this period about 200
members. Then, however,
in 1855, the order of Good Templars being
organized here, its
prosperity began to wane and continued to do so, till
1857, when its members
numbered only eleven. Whereupon, it was
decided to suspend all
operations and go into liquidation ; as its
indebtedness had so
increased as to make it quite burdensome for so small
a number; and as the new
organization contemplated laboring in the
same field and that,
too, with better prospects of success. This was
speedily done and its
effects distributed, the Odd Fellows obtaining
their Bible, and the
Good Templars, the regalia, wardrobe, &c.
This latter
organization, though prosperous for a time, and useful
as furnishing a visible
protest in the community against the indulgence and
traffic in ardent
spirits, seems, for some reason, to have been short
lived and to have left few
items of importance requiring notice in this connection. After its
disappearance, as a living organization it has had no
lineal descendent in the same
good work here ; and the people at large have
been contented with
resolving themselves into " a committee of the
whole " to resist the
inroads of the hosts of Bacchus. In this they have
been so far successful,
as to have kept alive a healthy public sentiment
upon this subject. The
iniquitous practice of drinking is frowned upon by
the better class of the
community ; the traffic is quite effectively checkmated by bringing the
civil law to bear upon the guilty head of him,
who, in open defiance of
a decided public sentiment, would still prosecute
his infernal business
under the shades of night and the darkness of the
pit.
With a sleepless
vigilance over the ballot-box the friends of temperance have hitherto kept
this emissary of Tophet at bay ; and, though not
entirely free from this
curse of curses, can challenge a comparison with
any other point in the
State in regard to their temperance record.
Education.
Our early friends
were not unmindful of this important factor as a
prime element in
every well ordered community. As substantial
evidence
of this, we find
them building a log college, even before erecting
altars
to the God they
worshiped. This they did in about 1854 immediately
north of Valentine
Caswell's residence upon the rising ground between
this and the Rives
farm. George A. Cowden prefers a valid claim to
the
honor of first
wielding the scepter of the pedagogue within our
Corpora-
tion. Mrs.
Jonathan Spencer, (nee Eliza Wilson) now of Rock
Island, Il., had also an
opportunity of exercising " woman's rights " in
the same
direction. But
Miss Matilda Worden, who presided here for three
suc-
cessive sessions,
seems to have had more reputation than any other
incumbent. This
was owing to a great extent on account of her
belief
in, and practice
of Solomon's doctrine in the management of the
stubborn urchin : "
Chasten thy son while there is hope, and let not
thy soul
spare for his
crying." Should any one be inclined to dispute her
claim
in this direction,
however, our neighbor Frank Miller, may be called
to
the witness stand,
and he will give solid testimony that this "
Yankee
School marm " was
a firm believer in the virtue of hickory. This
model
structure
continued, for a number of years, to meet the
requirements of
this community for
all school purposes. At length, however, being
left open
and unoccupied, as
such buildings are wont to be, an irresponsible
mover
took possession of
it for one night, during which it was fired and
burnt to
ashes, leaving the
family houseless, and the people here destitute of
any
place wherein "to
teach the young idea how to shoot."
This calamity,
however, did not befall it until it had done
excellent
and varied service
in other and closely allied directions ; for in it
the first
lyceum was
inaugurated where, we may suppose. Dr. Cooper,
Geo. W.
Allen, Esq., Revs.
Saml. Culp and Wesley Meldrum and the redoubtable
Booker displayed
fervid and, perhaps, Ciceronian eloquence in the
discussion of the stirring themes of that day.
Here, too, was organized our first
Sabbath School,
that right arm of the church, engineered by Geo.
W.
Allen, ever found
in the front of every enterprise promising good to
his
fellows ; who
could be seen, after the performance of his duties
at
school, returning
home with the sura total of his Sabbath school
library
inclosed in his
pocket handkerchief.
Here, likewise,
for want of more commodious quarters, the minister
at the altar
proclaimed the grand truths of Inspiration to
attentive
auditors as a
noble supplement to the purpose for which the
structure
was at first
erected.
To remedy the
misfortune which had thus happened to them, our
friends pressed
into service other buildings: as among which may
be
noticed the
storeroom now occupied by John Dryden. Here a Mr.
Dickerman, a
nephew of Nelson, and Ira B. Pickett, Esq.,
instructed
many of our
present resident citizens, among whom may be
mentioned,
Jefferson Coonrod,
L. O. Edwards, Wm. Cannedy, Esq., G. T. W. Shef-
field and others.
Thus a "subscription school" was kept up in some
form here and
there as circumstances favored, till 1844, when
quite a
comfortable house
was erected on the tract of land now occupied by
the
palatial Fifth
Avenue residence of our neighbor, J. H. Gray. Here
schools
were taught by
different individuals as the necessities of the
community
required, for some
half dozen years, when the increased necessities
and
advancing public
spirit on the subject of education required
enlarged
accommodations for
this purpose. An appeal to the public was made in
1851, with this
end in view, and a prompt response, in the shape
of
$2,000 or more,
was the result. With this amount somewhat
increased,
what is now known
as "The Old Seminary " was erected in this and the
following year,
and opened for the reception of students in the
Fall of the
latter. This
proved a success and placed us on a vantage ground
on the
subject of
education not enjoyed by our neighbors. For five
years this
continued to be a
private Institution, when, on the introduction of
the
Public School
System of this State, it was submerged in that,
and virtu-
ally taken for
public purposes as being converted into a district
school.
Thus it was used
for some seventeen years (and pretty well used up
too,)
when it was
neither suitable, nor would meet the wants of a
largely in-
creased
population.
392 HISTORY OF
GREENE COUNTY.
At present one of
the most attractive features in Greenfield
society-
is her educational
facilities. To say that Greenfield public schools
can
compare most
favorably with .those of other cities and towns,
is stating a
fact well
authenticated. The buildings are situated on a
high hill in the
eastern part of
the town, long bridges span the deep ravines and
make
the approach easy,
and the yards are never muddy. On the east, one
overlooks the
lowlands of the Rubicon; on the north, the public
highway
trailing up the
valley below ; on the west and south, the town in
general
as all tending to
make the scene beautiful in Summer and picturesque
in
Winter. The
buildings are two in number, each of brick. One of
them,
two stories high,
was of sufficient capacity until the year 1874,
when
more room was
demanded. In that year a new building was erected,
con-
sisting of two
stories and basement, and fully equipped with the
neces-
sary school
furniture, an elegant organ, paintings for the
walls, etc., etc.
The rooms are all
commodious, ventilated by the most perfect system
and
warmed by
furnaces, which have stood the test when outside
the mercury
stood 15° below
zero. The building cost about $10,000. The school
consists of six
departments ; first and second primary, first and
second
intermediate,
grammar and high school. The enrollment has
constantly
increased, that of
last year (1878) being 373, 38 of whom were
non-residents.
The present
superintendent, H. H. Montgomery, has filled that
station for four
years, and is making earnest effort to add a new
depart-
ment, in which
drawing, penmanship and book-keeping will be made
a
specialty. This
measure bids fair to succeed and will be the third
depart-
ment added under
his administration.
The High School as
The high school was inaugurated in the Fall of
1875, in response
to the call of many who preferred that the full
prepar-
atory course of
college be completed at home. The course arranged
includes, in
mathematics, trigonometry (plane and spherical)
completed ;
in languages,
reading of Virgil ; in sciences, astronomy,
chemistry and
such others as are
usually called for in examination for State
certificates.
Each year the
course is completed by a class of about ten, to
whom the
board and
superintendent give a diploma. The board consists
of direc-
tors chosen as
required by law. They maintain a nine months
school
each year, pay
their superintendent $125 per month, the other
teachers
$30, $4O, $40 $40
and $40 respectively. The present board consists
of J.
B. Broadmarkle,
Dr. W. 0. Day and S. P. Cameron, energetic men and
vigilant in the
interests of the school. The tuition of
non-resident
pupils, for high
school, is $21 a year. Last year $360 were
realized thus,
and this year it
will amount to about $400.
From the foregoing
statements, it will readily be seen that both
those who early
planted themselves here, and those who have
succeeded
them, have ever
evinced considerable interest upon this most
important
subject as all of
which furnishes cheerful promise that it will
continue to
be emphasized by
their descendants, who thereby shall be trained to
an
intelligent
discharge of their duties as citizens of this
Great Republic,
especially that
growing out of their relation to the ballot-box.
Learned
Professions.
Although all the
professions have been represented here from an
early day, except
that of law, yet not in great numbers, nor by many
who
have been
especially distinguished in theology, medicine,
law, or literature.
HISTORY OP GREENE
COUNTY. 393
Ministers. The
first churches were ministered to by such men as
the
exigencies of the
times could furnish : plain practical expounders
of
God's truths
having none of the advantages of those times
within college
walls and
theological seminaries, but not wanting in those
higher adorn-
ments acquired
only in the school of their Divine Master. Hence,
though
comparatively
unlettered, they did effectual service in His
spiritual vine-
yard.
Among those of
greater celebrity than others may be mentioned the
Rev. Peter
Cartwright, who, both as preacher and Presiding
Elder, had
not only a
sectional, but a national reputation. Of great
eccentricity of
character and not
polished in his rhetoric, yet, in his better days,
he was
a son of thunder
in the desk, moving the crowd that hung upon his
lips
by his sturdy
logic and thrilling pathos.
Others, more or
less representative men in the denominations they
represented, might
be noticed, did space permit. Suffice it to say
that
most of them have
been useful in their spheres of labor.
Physicians: At
first medicine was not represented here at all as
em-
bracing a period
of ten or more years ; but, in the Winter of
1835-6
Tennessee sent us
a surplus one in the person of the late Dr. M. A.
Cooper. For a
considerable time he was the sole representative
of his
profession here.
As the population increased and necessities
required,
however, others
followed ; among whom may be noticed, Drs.
Metcalf,
Maxfield,
Holliday, Rice, Finch and Ledbrook, all of whom
had located
here by 1850 :
since which latter period Messrs. Jayne, Dunn,
Cash, J. S.
Cooper, Hill,
Culver, Chapman, Day, Jarvis, Mongomery and Stout,
have
filled or are
filling the post of physician for a longer or
shorter term. Dr.
Finch has, at this
writing, been a
practitioner something like a quarter of a
century. Whether he
has restored as
many to health and life as the god he represents,
or not
certain it is,
that Jupiter's thunderbolts have not as yet
reached him ;
but he bids fair
to do a good deal of heavy work yet in the service
of the
Master he has so
faithfully and so long served.
Lawyers. Whether
the brotherhood of this profession have had fears
that the " woe "
pronounced against them with so much emphasis,
would
be experienced in
the event of any attempt to locate in our midst,
we
will not attempt
to say ; but certain it is, that the whole
fraternity have
been wont " to shy
around " us and fix their location elsewhere. The
only exception to
this is in the case of Messrs. Ward and Johnson,
who
have been rather
timidly approaching us in that direction for some
time ;
and from the
extreme modesty of their advent here, it is at
least among
the possibilities
of the future that they may yet succeed in
effecting a
permanent
lodgment, and thus become the first of the sons of
Solon and
Lycurgus to
instruct the present generation in the intricacies
of our State
and national
jurisprudence. Success to them.
Teachers. For some
years the vocation of the public instructor of
the young, has
been justly regarded as constituting the fourth of
the
learned
professions though not recognized here to any
considerable
extent, owing
probably, among other causes, to the fact, that
most of
those who have
acted in that capacity here, have been rather a
nomadic
brotherhood,
making their calling rather a kind of stepping
stone to
something else,
than a profession to be followed through life ;
and to the
additional
fact that not sufficient inducement, in the way of
compensation, has been
offered to justify permanent engagement in this
direction.
When these
obstacles shall be removed, it is to be hoped that
our schools
of all grades will
become more efficient; and certain it is, that the
profession of the
devoted teachers will thereby be greatly ennobled.
Newspapers.
The first
newspaper ever started in Greenfield was the
Greenfield
Independent, by
Morton & Pickett, in the Spring of 1869. These
gentle-
men had apparently
sufficient encouragement, and the business ran
along
smoothly when
Morton collected the greater part of the
outstanding
debts, borrowed
considerable sums on the good name of the
Independent,
and left for parts
unknown. He has not been heard from since. W. T.
Pickett, his
partner, he left with the press and office and the
company's
indebtedness to
settle. At this the Independent ceased. Mr.
Pickett
still continued in
the office and published semi-spasmodically a very
spicy
sheet called the
Comet ; this only lasted a few months. In the
Spring of
1870 the outfit
was sold to one A. G. Meacham, a gentleman of
literary tastes
and some knowledge of journalism, who almost
immedi-
ately took into
partnership with himself a most excellent
practical printer,
named Milton, and
the Locomotive was started under the firm name of
Meacham &
Milton. The paper was conducted very acceptable by
these
gentlemen until
they dissolved, and Meacham left. Milton started a
branch paper at
Brighton and another at Winchester. Afterward W.
T.
Pickett became a
partner of Mr. Milton in the Locomotive, and the
paper
was for a time
issued twice a week. Later the subscription list
and good
will was sold to
Mr. C. H. Johnson, at that time the publisher of
the
White Hall Register:
This transfer occurred in the year 1874. At the
time of the
starting of the Brighton and Winchester papers the
press was
moved to Brighton,
and no newspaper was printed in Greenfield until
Walker brought a
press and general outfit from Carlinville, in the
Spring
of 1875, and began
the publication of the Greenfield News. This was
decidedly a spicy,
independent sheet, but like the others was of
short
life. The office
was left in the hands of his sureties, and
remained idle
some months, when,
Byron Orr and another, John Walker, leased the
office
and began the
publication of the Greenfield Dispatch. Walker
was only
identified with
the Dispatch a few days, when he turned over his
interest
to Orr. The latter
continued its publication a few months and sold
out
to W. T. Pickett,
one of the original owners of the Independent. Mr.
Pickett continued
the publication of the Dispatch until May 12,
1877, with
not very
encouraging prospects ahead, and finally sold his
interest to Mr.
Farris, who at
that time was publishing the Greene County
Democrat, at
White Hall, Ills.
After this the office remained idle until July 7,
1877,
when Mr. R. D.
Suddeth leased it and started the paper known as
the
Greene County
Republican, and continued its publication until
March
23, 1878, when the
Greenfield Printing Company purchased and took
possession of the
entire outfit and began the publication of the
Greenfield
Weekly Argus, with
W. W. Haven as editor and manager, which, considering the
numerous changes and failures in Greenfield
journalism during
the past ten
years, is an eminent success. On the 1st of
January, 1879,
the Argus claimed
over 500 bona fide subscribers.
Patriotic Record.
That our
citizens have always been wont to listen to and
obey the
call of their
country in the hour of her peril will clearly
appear from the
fact, that we have
been represented in all the wars in which she has
engaged since she
commenced her existence as an independent nation.
Beginning with the
war of 1812, the names of the late Capt. Josiah
Caswell Sr. and
Jr., and Isaac Barton, Sr., appear as prominent
among
those who
participated in that struggle.
In the war with
Mexico in 1848 ; Harvey Middleton, Richard D. Gill
and Milton G.
Smith took part under Gen. Scott in his heroic
march
from Vera Cruz to
the City of the Montezumas.
But it was in the
war of the Rebellion that our patriotism appears
to
the best
advantage. When a call was made for volunteers .
in the very
beginning of the
war, our citizens responded with an alacrity truly
com-
mendable. All
classes vied with each other in making up a full
com-
pany, and the
priest at the altar, the Rev. T. J. Bryant, laying
aside his
sacred calling,
went forth as its commanding officer, early to
return, how-
ever, with
honorable scars in the service of his country.
This was followed,
at different intervals by the other companies
made up of
volunteers in and around this point commanded by
Capt.
Jackson Drennan,
Capt. Geo. H. English and Rev. Benj. Newman
respec-
tively. These did
valiant service on the field of battle, as the
number
that fell and the
scars received eloquently testify. The case of Wm.
H.
Davidson the
younger son of " Aunt Margaret," may be mentioned
as of
peculiar interest:
as Enlisting in May 1861, he returned home sick in
October of the
same year, to be nursed by mother and sister
through the
following Winter.
No sooner had he fully recovered, than he returned
to the army and
was in the battle of Shiloh ; he performed his
duty in
that terrible
engagement in helping to drive the enemy from the
field,
when a fatal bail
sped its way to his heart, causing him to expire
in a
few moments.
Many others
sacrificed their lives upon the altar of their
country's
good, among whom
may be mentioned, J. L. Abbot, Lieut. J. M. Mat-
lock, N. B. and
Thos. Kemper, brothers of Mrs. Wm. Haven, etc.,
etc.
Of the many who
lived to return home, may be noticed W. G. Secor,
Abram Belknap,
John Roach and his two sons Wm. and David, Alexander Hall,
Josiah Caswell, Jr., John D. Caswell, A. G.
Kinkead, Jas. Boring and
Isaac Barton, Jr., the two last of whom learned
something of
the terrible
horrors of Andersonville, that plague-spot upon
modern
civilization,
which should and doubtless will consign its
originators to imperishable
infamy.
Although it can
not be said that all of the four companions
belonged
to this point, yet
the patriotism that inspired the movement of sending them to
the field of operations, had its home here ; and
therefore we
are justly
entitled to a very large share of the credit of so
doing. Such
being the case, it
may well be questioned whether another place in
the
Union, of the same
magnitude, can be found so fully represented as
Green-
field, Il.,
or whose patriotism was more conspicuously
displayed in the
dark hours of its
country's extremity. Thus may it ever be; and if,
in coming years,
Rebellion shall show its hideous head again, may
it be
found that
others, in still greater numbers, prompted by the
example
thus famished,
will go forth to the field of conflict and drive
the fiendish
monster " to his
own place.”
SOCIETIES.
The following
are the present officers of the various secret
societies of the place :
Knights of the
Red Cross of Borne and Constantine. J. W. Hutchin-
son, Sovereign ;
E. A. Belknap, Viceroy ; W. H. Ellis, Sen. General
; W.
C. Day, Jun.
General: W. P. Burroughs, Treasurer: W. P. Ennis,
Recorder; W. A.
Saylor, Prefect; Saml. Dixon, Herald; J. H. Gray,
Hioh Prelate ; F.
M. Hatler, Standard Bearer ; W. L. Kincaid,
Sentinel.
J. W. Hutchinson,
W. M. ; E. A. Belknap, S. W. ;
E. B. Short,
J. W. ; W. P. Burroughs, Treas. ; E. Woolley, Sec.
; W. A. Saylor, Sen.
Deacon ; J. T. Hallaway, Jun. Deacon ; H. H.
Montgomery, Sen. Steward;
F. M. Hatler,
Jun. Steward; H. C. Myers, Tyler; D. H. Weisner,
Chaplain. Henry Cress,
N. G. ;
W. L. Finley, V.
G. ; J. A. Drake,
R. S. ; John
Wahl, Sr., Treasurer.
Knights of Honor.
W. M. Ward, Dictator; J. M. Cooper, Past
Dictator ; J.
W. Piper, Vice Dictator ;
Milus Drum,
Assistant Dictator ;
H. F. Martin,
Reporter ; P. G. Mook, Financial Reporter; O. R.
Southworth, Treasurer ;
Thos. Doyle, Guide ; John Heiner, Guardian ; S. M.
Wilhite,
Sentinel; B. F. Piper, Chaplain.
THE GREENFIELD
CORNET BAND
Was organized
February 9, 1815 1915. Its
members are: E. M. Middleton,
Eb Cornet ;
Ed. N. McPherson,
E6 Cornet ; David Clark, Eb Cornet ;
Elmer Middleton,
B& Cornet ; Charles King, Bb Cornet ; E. P.
Metcalf, Eb Alto ; M.
D. Powell, Eb Alto ; Ebert Metcalf, Bb Tenor ;
Elmer Rives, B 5
Tenor; William Kincaid, Baritone; A. J. Dixon, E6
Bass;
Robert Storer,
Drum and Cymbals.
From the time of
organization the
band has been
under instruction of E. M. Middleton, rendering
classical
music of difficult
grade.